$4a^2+\frac{1}{4a^2}-2+4a-\frac1a$
$=\underline{\left(2a\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{2a}\right)^2-2\cdot2a\cdot\frac{1}{2a}}$$+2\left(2a-\frac{1}{2a}\right)$
$=\underline{\left(2a-\frac{1}{2a}\right)^2}$$+2\left(2a-\frac{1}{2a}\right)$
$=\left(2a-\frac{1}{2a}\right)\left\lbrace\left(2a-\frac{1}{2a}\right)+2\right\rbrace$
$=\left(2a-\frac{1}{2a}\right)\left(2a-\frac{1}{2a}+2\right)$ [Answer]