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$a^4+a^2b^2+b^4=8$ এবং $a^2+ab+b^2=4$ হলে,

  • (ক) $a^2+b^2$ এর মান কত?
  • (খ) $ab$ এর মান কত?

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দেওয়া আছে,
$a^4+a^2b^2+b^4=8$ ----($i$)
এবং, $a^2+ab+b^2=4$ ----($ii$)

($i$) নং সমীকরণ হতে পাই,

$a^4+a^2b^2+b^4=8$

বা, $(a^2)^2+2a^2b^2+(b^2)^2-a^2b^2$$=8$

বা, $(a^2+b^2)^2-(ab)^2=8$

বা, $\left\lbrace(a^2+b^2)+(ab)\right\rbrace$$\left\lbrace(a^2+b^2)-(ab)\right\rbrace$$=8$

বা, $(a^2+b^2+ab)(a^2+b^2-ab)$$=8$

বা, $(a^2+ab+b^2)(a^2-ab+b^2)$$=8$

বা, $4(a^2-ab+b^2)=8$
[ মান বসিয়ে ]

বা, $(a^2-ab+b^2)=\frac84$

$\therefore a^2-ab+b^2=2$ ----($iii$)


(ক) এর সমাধান

($ii$) ও ($iii$) সমীকরণ যোগ করে,

$(a^2+ab+b^2)$$+(a^2-ab+b^2)$$=4+2$

বা, $a^2+ab+b^2$$+a^2-ab+b^2$$=6$

বা, $2a^2+2b^2=6$

বা, $2(a^2+b^2)=6$

বা, $(a^2+b^2)=\frac62$

$\therefore a^2+b^2=3$ [Answer]


(খ) এর সমাধান

($ii$) থেকে ($iii$) সমীকরণ বিয়োগ করে,

$(a^2+ab+b^2)$$-(a^2-ab+b^2)$$=4-2$

বা, $a^2+ab+b^2-a^2+ab-b^2$$=2$

বা, $2ab=2$

বা, $ab=\frac22$

$\therefore ab=1$ [Answer]

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Rules Applied

  • $a^2+2ab+b^2=(a+b)^2$
  • $a^2-b^2=(a+b)(a-b)$

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